What is HPV?
The genital papillomavirus infection is a sexually transmitted infection (IPP).The cause of papillomavirus infection is human papillom viruses (HPV).Human papillom viruses are a group of viruses, which includes about 100 different species.More than 30 types of HPV transmits sexually, genitals and anus women and men are infected.
Most infected people do not know about their disease, they have no clinical manifestations and, in addition, can recover spontaneously.
Some of these viruses are called "high carcinogenic risk viruses", they can cause genital precussions.Recent studies confirmed the main role of HPV in the development of cervical cancer.HPV High Risk also plays a role in the appearance of cancer vulva, vagina in women and penis cancer in men.High-risk viruses include 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 56, 58, 59, 68, 69 types - these types of HPVs are responsible for 95-98% of cervical cancer cases.They cause an increase in abnormal cells, which are usually flat and almost invisible during the usual exam compared to benign nipples, which are caused by low-risk viruses - 6, 11 species.Benigna Aogenital nipples appear 2 to 6 months after infection.On the development of precise or cancerous changes associated with the transport of HPV high risk, they leave for years, and the spontaneous remedy for HPV is often happening.
The infection is most often between the ages of 15 to 40 and affects the same women and men.Up to 50 years of life about 80 percent of women will gain HPV infection.
About 50-75% of sexually active people are infected with HPV during their lives, and in most cases the infection does not cause disease and spontaneously heal.
Approximately 90% of people infected HIV have an HPV infection.
As HPV is transmitted
Human papillomic infection is transmitted through sexual intercourse.Most infected has no visible manifestation of the disease and so HPV carriers do not know their infection and can infect their sexual partners.Sometimes infected mother can infect the newborn during childbirth.It can lead to such a - sparked papillomatosis of Larinks newborns.
Infection manifestations
Most infected people do not know about it.HPV often does not cause any manifestations on the skin and mucous membrane.Part of the people develop sex nipples or precise changes occur on cervix, vulva, anal area or penis.Very rarely, these changes go directly to cancer.From the infection to the development of severe dysplasia for an average of 20 years pass.Most women healed spontaneously 9 to 15 months from the moment of infection.The main manifestation of the papillomavirus infection is caused by sexual nipples (VPV 6 and 11) - soft nipples on short thin legs, painted with colored cabbage, or rooster, cock, lips, vaginals, cervix, anus).Sharp condylomas appear 2 to 6 months after infection.Visible condyloms are revealed during the test.
Diagnosis of infection
CONDYL Diagnostics is performed on the basis of inspection.Diagnostics of HPV high Camphogenes and related changes, harder task.The diagnosis of the advantaneous diseases of cervical cervicals based on many has been based on the cytological analysis of the smears (study of smears under a microscope).However, there are a number of significant shortcomings - complexity, low sensitivity and high frequency vague results.The US Committee of the FDA (Board of Lessons and Food) was approved by the study of HPVs with the polymerase-PCR chain reaction method, which can determine 13 types of HPV high risk.PCR for HPV has high sensitivity, easy to execute.The common use of cytological studies and PCR tests can significantly increase the effectiveness of the diagnosis, the sensitivity increases to 99 - 100%.It is important that the identification of HPV high risk occurs long before the occurrence of precise changes in the mucosal membranes.
It is recommended for PCR research on high -dries HPV:
- - As a primary method, in addition to cytology for women for more than 30 years.
- - To resolve suspicious results of cytological research.
- - Patients who undergo a treatment for dysplasia or cancer.
- - In the first phase of diagnostics for countries where Papillomavirus infection programs are poorly organized.
- - To test men.
Is it possible to heal this disease?
The diagnosis and treatment of SPI should be carried out in the conditions of a specialized clinic - CVD, which has all the necessary funds for a fast and precise diagnosis.
There is no specific medicine against HPV today.There are many methods of removing Condil, but the disease can be returned again, because the virus remains in the human body.Relapsees are possible in 25% of cases 3 months after treatment.The CONDYL treatment is required to test sex partners.However, the vast majority of sexual partners are infected with HPV and simply do not have visible manifestations of the disease.
The treatment of the allegations of chemical, physical and other methods to change the structure of the affected mucosal areas, as well as the use of drugs that encourage immunity.In the future, PCR needs a yearly cytological survey and the determination of HPV.
What is the link between HPV and cervical cancer?
Only facts:
- High high-risk viruses are the main cause of cervical cancer.
- In cases of severe dysplasia (a precačara) and cervical cancer, the HPV is revealed in almost 100% of cases.
- The Identification of the HPV is associated with an increase of 250 times at risk of severe dysplasia.
- Cervical cancer occupies 1. Place among the causes of women's mortality in developing countries.
- Cervical cancer occupies 2. Place after breast cancer among women in the world-250 thousand deaths a year.
- In Russia, 12,300 women were received by cervical cancer, and more than 6 thousand patients die annually.
- Over the past 10 years, the average age of the patient has decreased from 58 to 55 years.
- In women under 29 years, the incidence has increased 2 times.
- HPV high risk caused by cervical cancer in 100% cases, anus cancer is 90%, vaginal cancer and vulva - 40%, penis cancer in 12% cases.
- The American Cancer Society is scheduled for 2004. year, which will develop an aggressive cervical carcium in about 10,520, and about 3,900 women will die in about 10,520.Most women with an aggressive cervical cancer did not pass by properly examination for HPV infection.
Infection prevention
The safest way to prevent a sexually HPV infection is to refrain from any sexual contact with another individual.
Long-time sexual relations with a constant sexual partner does not provide a 100% warranty from the HPV infection.It is difficult to determine without special tests, whether the sexual partner is currently infected.
Male Condoms from Latex, with proper use, reduce the risk of infection.
All manifestations, such as pain or unpleasant sensations when urinating, an unusual rash, discharge are a signal to stop sexual contacts and an immediate review in a specialized clinic.If the patient has found a file, he must inform his sexual partners to give them a complete exam and the appropriate treatment.This will reduce the risk of serious complications and prevent the possibility of re-infection.